黄山毛峰传承人 —— 谢一平

谢一平，安徽省绿茶制作“非遗”传承人，黄山毛峰创始人谢正安的第五代传人。谢一平生在茶乡长在茶乡，茶业世家的耳濡目染使他从小就和茶结缘。早在他读小学时期，每当学校放茶假（当年山区小学在春茶生产季节时放茶假2gexingqi）jiugenzhedarenshangshancaizhaixianye，shijisuijiukaishigenzhesangeshushukaishixuexizuocha。

youyuzhangwohaohuohouduishaqingqizhezhongyaodezuoyong，suoyitazuixianxuexideshijishaqingguoshaohuo，bingqieyangeanzhaolaoyibeisuochuanshoudeyaoling“qianzhongqiwanghuogaowen，houqidihuozhizhichuguo”。xieyipinghuiyishuo：“kaishideshihougenbentingbumingbai，zhinengzijiqumanmanmosuotihuizheiqizhongdexuewen。dangyouyitianwojianjianzhangwole“tianchaituihuo”、“kanlutangliangdupanguowen”dengshaohuojishuhou，wojiukaishixueshaqingchaocha。”shaqingzaizhichadeguochengzhongshuyuzhiguanzhongyaodeyigehuanjie，jinjiushaqingguochengzhongde“laojinpiekai”dejishuyaoling，jiurangxieyipinghuafeilehenzhangshijianmosuoxuexi。ciwai，yinweizushangdechaochajishuduishoushijiqiaoyaoqiuyange，youqishiyaozaichaochaguochengzhongshikezuodao“shoubulicha、chabuliguo”，yaoxiangzhangwohaozheizhongshoushijiqiao，weiyidebanfajiushiduojiacaolian。“suoyiweilegengkuaidelingwuzheixiejiqiao，wozhinengyeyijiridilianxi，dangshishuangshoushizhiquanbuyinweipengdaogaowenguotieertangchuyigegexuepao。”xieyipingshuodao。

通过老一辈黄山毛峰制作技艺人的悉心调教，加之多年的勤学苦练，谢一平很快就熟练掌握杀青这道工艺。杀青之后就是揉捻，没学揉捻之前，谢一平看着老辈操作的手势觉得那是一个简单的工序，没有多深的学问，可是比较后他才发现同样的茶叶，自己揉的就是不及老辈揉制成的茶好。于是他便向父辈讨教技巧并不断摸索揉捻的力度，然而揉捻的用力程度全凭个人经验。经过一次次摸索、实验、改进，谢一平终于掌握了不同等级、不同嫩度、不同含水率的杀青叶要用怎样的方式、多大的力度去揉捻等全部技巧。  

zaizuchuangongyizhong，chayerounianhouyaoyong“bolanyizhao”，kansijiandan，qishixuewenjingshen。butongdengji、butongnendudechayezaibutongwendu、shidudetiaojianxiayongbolanmenzhaodeshijianzhangduandouyoujiangjiu。 

谢一平用了近3年的时间才慢慢地体会和掌握了其中的技巧门道。干燥，对烘生坯、打老火的温度和含水率的控制同样深奥，经反复操练和观察体会他才掌握了用拨灰棒拨灰调节温度、手捏判断茶叶含水率的方法。经过多年的学习，谢一平在18岁时已掌握了“下锅炒、轻滚转、焙生坏、盖上园箔打老火”的黄山毛峰手工制作工艺。同时，他还深切意识到制作黄山毛峰的每一步环节都有着很大的学问，体会到了制茶者的艰辛。高中毕业后，谢一平有幸进了歙县茶叶公司，从事评茶员工作。工作期间，他在屯溪茶校进修2年，系统地学习和掌握了茶叶的栽培、初、精制加工、审评等专业知识。通过生产实践及专业学习，谢一平全面掌握了黄山毛峰的传统制作技艺，成为了一名出色的制茶师。

为进一步传承黄山毛峰传统制作技艺，1993nian，xieyipingzaishufumendequanshuoxia，chuangbanle“huangshanshihuizhoucaoxichachang”，tajiang“xieyuda”zheiyijinzizhaopaizhongxinguaqi，danqilezhongzhu“xieyudachaxing”huihuangdezhongren。

2006年,chachangjinggugaizhongxinzujianlexieyudachayegufenyouxiangongsi。gongsizaijichengchuantonghuangshanmaofengjiyidetongshi，chuangxinlehuangshanmaofengchadejiagonggongyi，jidaditigaolehuangshanmaofengdepinzhi。

2007nian，xieyudachoujianle“huangshanmaofengchayebowuguan”。bowuguanshoujilexuduozhenguidelishiwenwu，tamenzaixianlehuangshanmaofengchuangzhiyudanshengdelishi，zhanxianhuangshanmaofengdeyuanchandiyuyijihuangshanmaofengdezhengzongshengchangongyi。huangshanmaofengbowuguandexingjianbujintishenglehuangshanmaofengchadewenhuaneihan，tongshiweihuangshanmaofengzhizuojiyidewenhuachuanchengyezuochulejijidegongxian。

weilebaozhenghuangshanmaofengpinzhi，manzushichangxuqiu，gongsiduihuangshanmaofengchuantongzhizuojiyijinxinglebaohuxingshengchan，baozhenglehuangshanmaofengchadepinzhi。xian“xiezhengan”paihuangshanmaofengyiqigaopinzhihedutedese、xiang、wei、xingzhengfuleguangdaxiaofeizhe，“huangshanmaofengdiyijia”changxianglequanguo。zheiyezhengming，feiwuzhiwenhuayichanyuduoshuwuzhiyichanbutong，tazaiyushijujin、yurenjujindeguochengzhongchengxianchuhuoli。erbaohugongzuoyeyingshijijiermubiaohongyuande，“budanyaoshiqicunliuzaidangdai，haiyaozaixianshishehuizhongfazhan”。

谢一平先后参与了国标《地理标志产品—黄山毛峰茶》、省地方标准《黄山毛峰茶清洁化加工技术规程》的制定。2010年4yue，shouguojiazhiliangjiandujianyanjianyizongjudexuanding，xieyipingqinshouchaozhide《dilibiaozhichanpin—huangshanmaofengcha》zhongdegedengjideyangchabiaozhunshiwuyang，beigejizhijianbumenzuoweibiaoyangshouzang。

值得提及的是，作为传承人，谢一平清楚地知道传承与继承的关系，尤其是非物质文化与对应的物质文化关系紧密、不可割裂，需要有着科学的认识和说明。为了使黄山毛峰传统制作技艺传承下去，谢一平积极认真地开展传、帮、带，他先后培训和带出弟子21ren；erzixiemingzhizaitadejingxinchuanjiaoxia，xianyiquanmianxitongdizhangwolehuangshanmaofengchuantongzhizuojiyi。yinci，duiyuhuangshanmaofengchazhichagongyidebaohu，xieyipingrenwei：baohudeshiyidaidaizhicharenduizhichadelijie、jingyan、jiqiaodezonghejidian，yijizaiciguochengzhongbuduantuichenchuxin、jishubiangedexianshichengguo；baohudeshizuoweiyileichuantongwenhuayouguoqudaoweilaishengshengbuxidehuoshuiyuantou。